Are you looking to learn why mosquitoes seem to bite you more often than they bite other people?
那好吧，你在正确的地方！
在本指南中，您将学习：
- Why do mosquitoes need blood anyway?
- Why do mosquitoes bite some people but not others?
- What blood type do mosquitoes prefer?
- Why are mosquitoes biting you?
- What are some preventative measures?
Does it seem like the little bloodsuckers have it in for you and you don’t know why?
Before jumping into the why’s and wherefore’s of why mosquitoes do what they do and why they do it to some more than others, we need to understand something about their biology and life cycle. Then we can explore the deeper question of what and why.
There’s a lot of information to cover, so let’s get started!
埃德（Ed）在害虫防治行业工作了多年，帮助1,000名房主在昆虫和啮齿动物管理的世界中浏览。现在，他管理害虫策略，以帮助世界各地的房主！
Table of Contents
Mosquito Overview
蚊子已经存在于记录的历史。They’re annoying little peststhat leave itchy bites marks on your skin. They buzz around your head, getting in your mouth, nose, eyes, and ears with an irritating whine that drives people to distraction. And, let’s not forget, they are vectors – carriers – for all kinds of nasty diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, West Nile, Zika, and others. There’s really nothing good to say about them.
Read Also:20多种奇怪的方式，人们摆脱了蚊子的叮咬
Except for one thing: they are excellent survivors.Mosquitoes exist everywhere in the worldin all kinds of climates. There are over 3000 species of mosquitoes in the world with an overall population that is literally unknowable. Researchers estimate,speculatively, there may be over a trillion mosquitoes in the world at the height of their breeding season.
Translation: they’re not on the Endangered Species List and never will be.
No matter how hard we try, we’ll never be able to eradicate them. That means we have to learn to live with them and figure out how to keep them away from us. Before we can do that, we need to know why they’re attracted to us in the first place.
为什么蚊子无论如何都需要鲜血？
The reason mosquitoes need blood has to do with theirbiology and life cycle. Let’s break it down quickly.
Eggs
Female mosquitoes can lay up to 200 eggs at a time. Normally, they lay their eggs in warm stagnant water where there is algae, pond scum, and bacteria.
Those eggs will hatch in about 48 hours or so. Occasionally they lay their eggs above the normal water line on rivers and lakes then the eggs wait several years for a flood to cover them, at which point they hatch.
Larva
蚊子的孵化名为幼虫。他们通过摆动通过水中游泳，赢得了他们的通用名称：Wigglers。
They are aquatic air breathers, which means they have to surface like a dolphin or whale to get a breath of air. They eat algae, scum, and bacteria. They go through several growth stages called instars, getting bigger at each stage.
Read Also:How to kill mosquito larvae?
Pupae
四到五天后，他们进入了最终的幼虫。在这个阶段，它们类似于微型虾。
They don’t eat because they’re in the process of transforming into a winged adult. Instead, they spend all their time tumbling through the water to avoid predators.
成人
Here is where it gets interesting. Seven to 10 days after the eggs are laid, a fully formed adult emerges from the water and flies off. The males live less than a week, sometimes only two or three days.
They only eat nectar from plants, sugary liquids, or sweet liquids from fruits. They mate with a nearby female and that’s the end of their usefulness. Soon after, they die.
The female also eats nectar and other sweet liquids, the same as the male. After mating though, she needs liquid protein in order to produce her eggs.Mosquitoes don’t have teeth and jaws咀嚼食物，以便唯一获得蛋白质的方法就是通过吮吸鸟类和哺乳动物的血来饮用。
After a blood meal, she’ll rest for several days until she produces a batch of eggs. She’ll lay them in a stagnant pond then go hunting for another blood meal.
由于雌性蚊子可以在最佳条件下生活三到四个星期或更长时间，因此她可以在一生中轻松地将超过1000个鸡蛋放在那个单一的交配中。
What blood type do mosquitoes prefer?
研究表明，它们自然会被O型血液吸引。蚊子是两倍attracted to Type O blood types as they are to Type A blood types, with Type B blood types falling somewhere in the middle.
Find A Local Exterminator
为什么蚊子咬人但没有咬人？
蚊子是比其他任何predato没有区别r. There are certain things they’re looking for in their prey. If you meet their conditions they’re going to come gunning for you. If you don’t, they’ll ignore you in search of someone else.
Mosquitoes make their choices based on a number of different factors. Scientists are still working to discover what all of them are but they’ve identified some.The ones they’ve identified是：
- 啤酒
- Blood Type
- 二氧化碳
- Clothing Color
- Exercise and Metabolism (Heat and Sweat)
- Pregnancy
- Skin Bacteria
我们将首先研究血型，因为这是吸引蚊子的主要决定，然后简要介绍其他每个物品。
蚊子喜欢哪种血型？
蚊子需要喝血液才能获取产生鸡蛋所需的蛋白质，因此它可以认为他们对喝的血液类型有点挑剔。
研究表明，它们自然会被O型血液吸引。蚊子是两倍attracted to Type O bloodtypes as they are to Type A blood types, with Type B blood types falling somewhere in the middle.
Mosquitoes prefer blood types in the following order:
- Type O
- Type B
- Type A
此外，研究人员发现，约有85％的人通过其皮肤分泌一种化学物质，该化学物质标志着他们拥有的血型。其他15％的人不分泌这种化学物质。人们是否分泌化学信号与他们的血型完全脱离了。
例如，蚊子喜欢的O型血液的人可能不会分泌化学信号，因此蚊子会忽略它们，而A型血液的人可能会分泌信号。
即使A型是最不喜欢的血型的蚊子，但如果可以的话，那就是他们会喝的。因此，在我们的假设情况下，A型血型的人会被咬住，而O型血型人则不会受到影响。
It’s just not fair.
Read Also:What’s the best way to use mosquito traps?
为什么蚊子咬你？
让我们快速看看其他原因mosquitoes will be drawn to one person over another.
啤酒
研究人员仍然没有确切地确定为什么喝啤酒会吸引蚊子的人。但是所有其他相等的东西，喝一瓶12盎司的啤酒将使您对蚊子的吸引力比不喝酒的人更具吸引力。如果您发现的原因，史密森尼人想与您交谈。
二氧化碳
蚊子找到猎物的主要方式之一是targeting the carbon dioxideon their breath. They can detect it from over 160 feet away. The larger a person is, the more carbon dioxide they exhale and therefore the more likely it is that a mosquito will be drawn to them.
Clothing Color
Jonathan Day, a professor of medical entomology at the University of Florida, reports that dark-colored clothing stands out in a mosquito’s visual range, particularly when the person wearing those colors is moving. Black, blue, and red are the predominant colors that attract mosquitoes.
Exercise and Metabolism (Heat and Sweat)
乳酸，当您锻炼时被脱掉，也吸引了蚊子。丙酮是锻炼时在呼吸中释放的化学物质，就像雌激素副产品雌激素一样。锻炼时，您的体内热量会增加，这也吸引了蚊子。跑步者当心！
Pregnancy
对不起，女士们。怀孕时，腹部的平均水平比身体其他部位高。您还会呼出更多二氧化碳，因为您要呼吸两个人。结果是孕妇被咬伤的频率是其他人的两倍。
Skin Bacteria
A2011年研究found that bacteria on your skin will convert non-volatile compounds in your sweat into volatile ones that are highly attractive to mosquitoes. Every person has slightly different amounts of skin bacteria as well as different types of skin bacteria.
The type and amount will significantly affect the change in your sweat compounds and how attractive they will be to mosquitoes. This means that two otherwise identical people can be standing side by side and one will be eaten up by mosquitoes while the other is left untouched.
Some of these items are ones you don’t have any control over, but some of them you do. If you like to run, do it in the morning before the mosquitoes are active. Wear light-colored clothing and lay off the beer.
Lose weight. Remember, the larger you are the more carbon dioxide you exhale. As you lose weight, your body mass will decrease along with the amount of oxygen you need. Less oxygen breathed in means less carbon dioxide breathed out. Lose weight and there will be less of you to attract the mosquitoes. QED.
What are some preventative measures?
- Spray on insect repellents that containDEETare highly effective at warding off mosquitoes. It was developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 to protect soldiers in mosquito-infested areas and has proven to be safe as well as effective.
- Tiki火炬和带有香龙的蜡烛是被证明可以将蚊子驱逐出境的方法。只要火焰燃烧，它就会继续将香菜释放到空中以保护您。
- Usemosquito dunks在水中杀死幼虫。每个排乐队的扣篮将处理约100平方英尺的水，而不会损害任何鱼类或野生动植物。没有幼虫，没有蚊子在你的头上飞来飞去。
- 精油such as lavender, lemon eucalyptus, and tea tree oil are effective, all-natural methods of discouraging mosquitoes and keeping them away from you. There are also a number of驱虫手镯that are wearable means of warding off mosquitoes.
Final Thoughts: Mosquito BitePreferences
Mosquitoes are naturally attracted to some people more than others. Some of those reasons are beyond your control.
Others are ones you can change quite easily. You can also take some proactive steps to keep mosquitoes away from you so you can still enjoy the summer weather.
